Objective To analyze and discuss the clinical value of estrogen receptor α expression in liver tissue in pathological diagnosis of liver cancer, so as to provide theoretical guidance and basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer. Methods 25 patients with liver cancer treated in our hospital from October 2012 to September -2015 were selected as the experimental group, 25 cases of physical examination at the same period were selected as control group. The expression of estrogen receptor α in liver tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry, that was studied. Results After the examination and statistics found that the normal liver tissue of liver tissue relative expression of estrogen receptor alpha 56.5%, hepatocellular carcinoma tissues relative expression was 10.4%, and the relative expression of hepatocellular carcinoma tissues was 0%. Conclusion The expression of estrogen receptor alpha in liver tissue can be identified in liver tissue and liver tissue of normal, and the liver tissue and paracancerous tissue division, to highlight the clinical significance, is worthy of further promotion and application.