Objective To study the effect of antiemetic nursing on emotional state and intestinal side effects in patients with medical chemotherapy. Methods From Mar. 2014 to Aug. 2016, a total of 160 patients with chemotherapy in our hospital were taken as the clinical objects, and they were randomly divided into observation group (80 cases) and control group (80 cases). Both groups were given antiemetic drugs and routine chemotherapy nursing, besides, the observation group was given additional antiemetic nursing. The effects of two different nursing interventions on patients' emotional state and intestinal side effects were compared. Results Before intervention, there were no significant differences in QOL and FLIE scores between the two groups(P>0.05), after intervention, the QOL and FLIE scores in the two groups were both increased(P<0.05), the increase of QOL and FLIE scores in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05), the improvement of intestinal side effects in the observation group was obviously better than that in the control group, and their difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Medication combined with antiemetic nursing can not only improve the symptoms of depression, but also reduce or control the symptoms of gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea and vomiting.