Objective To explore the ICU artificial airway patients in the introduction of quality control model of the work of the nursing effect. Methods Sixty-eight ICU patients with ICU artificial airway were selected from April 2013 to April 2015. The patients in the control group were treated with routine nursing. The observation group was based on routine nursing. The two groups of patients with ventilation time, the number of days of suction, blocking the situation, unplanned extubation, combined with the patient's satisfaction with the nursing effect, comprehensive assessment of the mode of operation of ICU artificial airway patients nursing effect. Results The ventilation time of the observation group was significantly shorter than that of the control group, the number of daily aspiration was significantly less than that of the control group. The incidence of obstruction and unplanned extubation were significantly lower than those in the control group. There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05) The satisfaction rate of the observation group was 82.35%, and the satisfaction rate of the control group was 61.76%. There was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion The ICU artificial airway patients have improved the ventilation time, reduced the number of days of suction, the occurrence of obstruction and unplanned extubation, and improved the satisfaction of the patients with nursing care. Worthy of clinical use.