Objective To study the long-term therapeutic effect and safety of early nursing on neonates via cesarean section. Methods From Mar. 2015 to Mar. 2016, 134 neonates via cesarean section in our hospital were divided into two groups according to double blind method. Both groups were given routine nursing measures, besides, the observation group was given additional early nursing measures. The neurobehaviors, development quotient 1 year after birth, complications after birth and long-term impact indicators in the two groups were compared. Results 30d after birth, the neurobehavioral score in the observation group was(1.97±0.5)which was significantly higher than that in the control group (1.65±0.4), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence rate of neonatal complications in the observation group was significantly lower than in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), the long-term impact indicator and developmental quotient 12 months after birth in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Early nursing which is safe and effective, can improve the health status and quality of life for neonates via cesarean section, reduce the incidence of complications and improve their nerve development and development quotient. Thus, it is worthy of clinical promotion.