目的 MRI、CT及X线在诊断多发 性骨髓瘤(MM)中的应用比较。方法 选择 2017年1月到2018年1月到医院就诊MM患者 80例，所有患者均进行MRI、CT、X线检 查。统计MRI、CT、X线三种检查方式的影 像特征，统计MRI、CT、X线三种检查方式 诊断效能，及对不同部位骨损害病灶检出 率。结果 X线检查中80例患者病变类型最 多为骨质破坏型，占比80%；CT检查中80 例患者病变类型最多为骨质破坏型，占 比87.50%；MRI检查中80例患者病变类型 最多为局灶型，占比52.50%；MRI诊断准 确率、灵敏度均高于CT、X线，差异有统 计学意义(P＜0.05)；MRI、CT、X线三种 检查方法特异度差异无统计学意义(P＞ 0.05)；MRI检查在颅骨病灶检出率高于CT 及X线，差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)； MRI、CT、X线三种检查方式在病灶位于脊 椎、盆骨、肋骨及四肢处检出率差异无统 计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 MRI对MM诊断 准确率、灵敏度均高于CT、X线，并在颅 骨处病灶检查更有优势。

Objective To compare the MRI, CT and X-ray in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma (MM). Methods A total of 80 cases of MM who were admitted to the hospital from January 2017 to January 2018 were selected and given MRI, CT, and X-ray examinations. The imaging features and the diagnostic efficacy of MRI, CT and X-ray were analyzed. The detection rates of bone lesions in different sites were recorded by MRI, CT and X-ray. Results Among 80 patients, the most common type of lesion is bone destruction in X-ray, accounting for 80%. In CT examination, the most common lesion was bone destruction, accounting for 87.50%. In MRI, the most common lesion type was multifocal type, accounting for 52.50%. The accuracy and sensitivity of MRI diagnosis were higher than those of CT and X-ray(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the specificity of MRI, CT and X-ray (P>0.05). The detection rate of skull lesions by MRI was higher than that by CT and X-ray (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the detection rates of lesions in spine, pelvis, ribs and extremities by MRI, CT and X-ray (P>0.05). Conclusion The accuracy and sensitivity of MRI for MM diagnosis are higher than those of CT and X-ray, and MRI is more advantageous in the examination of lesions in skull.