Objective To analyze the feasibility, safety, thoracic lymph node resection and postoperative complications of single lumen and double lumen endotracheal tube respectively ,under minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy(MIME). Methods Retrospective review of clinical pathology and perioperative data of 117 patients who had undergone minimally invasive McKeown esophagectomy from January 2016 to January 2017. Fifty patients who underwent MIME using single-lumen endotracheal tube (SLET) anaesthesia with CO2 artificial pneumothorax compared with 67 patients who underwent the same procedure with DLET intubation. Results MIME under SLET intubation is a feasible and safty procedure. The Duration of thoracic phase and the duration of total operation in double lumen group is longer than that of single lumen group (P<0.05). Bleeding volume in single lumen group is lower than that of double lumen group(P>0.05).And also the postoperative pulmonary related complications,recurrent nerve injury and anastomosis leak in single lumen group and double lumen group is 3cases(6%),5 cases(7.4%)(P>0.05),6 cases (12%), 5 cases (7.4%)(P<0.05), 6 cases (12%),6 cases (8.9%) (P>0.05) respectively. Single lumen group has more number of left recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node resection than double lumen tube group(P<0.05). Conclusion In MIME, single lumen endotracheal tube intubation and double lumen endotracheal tube intubation airway management is both safe. There is no difference between two groups in postoperative Anastomosis leak and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury.In single lumen airway management group,the quality of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node resection,thoracic phase surgery duration and total operation duration were better than the double lumen endotracheal intubation group.