Objective To explore the effect of ice compress analgesia on radial artery puncture pain of blood gas analysis. Methods From Jun. 2016 to Apr. 2017, 60 patients with radial artery puncture for blood gas analysis in our hospital were randomly divided into observation group (n=30) and control group (n=30). Patients in the control group were given routine radial artery puncture and no pain intervention measures were used, but the other patients in observation group were given ice compress on puncture site before radial artery puncture. The analgesic effects, heart rate changes before and after puncture, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of analgesia in the observation group was 85% which was significantly higher than that in the control group 65%, and their difference was statistically significant (χ2 =4.267, P=0.039), after puncture, the heart rate in the control group was (96.14±15.32) times/min which was significantly higher than that before puncture (89.15±12.14) times/ min, the difference was statistically significant (t=2.262, P=0.027); the heart rate in observation after the puncture was(92.21±12.56) times/min which was higher than that before puncture (90.18±10.92) times/min, but the difference was not statistically significant (t=0.771, P=0.443), the nursing satisfaction degree in the observation group was 95% which was significantly higher than that in the control group 60%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =14.050, P<0.001). Conclusion Ice compress analgesia can significantly reduce patients' radial artery puncture pain for blood gas analysis, reduce local nerve tissue sensitivity, improve nursing satisfaction degrees, ensure the accuracy of blood gas analysis results, and provide a reliable basis for clinical treatment.