Objective To observe the efficacy of Shenxiong injection on ischemic cerebrovascular diseases and analyze its role mechanism. Methods 80 patients with ischemic cerebrovascular diseases were enrolled in the study, and the subjects were randomly divided into experimental group and control group according to the random number table method, with 40 cases in each group. The two groups were given intravenous infusion of ozagrel injection, and experimental group was given Shenxiong injection on this basis. Changes of blood flow velocities of collateral circulation[middle cerebral artery(MCA), posterior cerebral artery(PCA), anterior cerebral artery(ACA)]and neurological deficit (NIHSS) score were compared between the two groups before treatment and after 2 w of treatment. Results There were no significant differences in blood flow velocities of MCA, PCA and ACA between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05). After 2 w of treatment, the blood flow velocity of MCA in experimental group was higher than that in control group(P<0.05) while the blood flow velocities of PCA and ACA were lower than those in control group(all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the NIHSS score between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After 2 w of treatment, the NIHSS score in experimental group was lower than that in control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Shenxiong glucose injection can effectively promote the establishment of collateral circulation and improve the collateral circulation blood in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, thus helping the recovery of neurological deficit.