Objective To observe the effects of shock wave therapy of musculoskeletal pain in the treatment of periarthritis of shoulder and its influence on pain and shoulder mobility. Methods 80 cases of patients with periarthritis of shoulder in our hospital were selected for the study. According to different treatment methods, they were divided into control group (n=40, pain point injection) and study group (n=40, shock wave therapy of musculoskeletal pain based on control group). The efficacy, perishoulder pain value and shoulder mobility were compared. Results The markedly effective rate of efficacy in t study group was significantly higher than that in control group (90.00%vs70.00%) (P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of PRI, VAS and PPI of SF-MPQ in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the scores of PRI, VAS and PPI in study group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the anteflexion, abduction and rear protraction mobility of shoulder joints were significantly increased compared with those before treatment (P<0.05), and the anteflexion, abduction and rear protraction mobility in study group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion ESW can effectively reduce perishoulder pain and improve shoulder function in patients with periarthritis of shoulder.