Objective To study the clinical effects of tumor plastic technique in the treatment of patients with early breast cancer. Methods The clinical data of patients with routine breast-conserving surgery (n=33) and patients with plastic breastconserving surgery (n=41) from June 2014 to June 2016 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The treatment effects, postoperative breast aesthetics and patients' quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results There were no significant differences in the postoperative treatment plans, recurrence rate, metastasis rate, survival rate and incidence rate of complications between the two groups. After treatment, the excellent and good rates of cosmetic grade evaluation were 82.93% and 60.61% respectively in the two groups (P<0.05). The plastic and cosmetic effects in cosmetic group were significantly better. The dimensions scores of FACT-B in the two groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the scores of family/social dimension and emotional dimension in plastic group were significantly higher than those in routine group (P<0.05). Conclusion Tumor plastic technique has good effects in the treatment of patients with early breast cancer, and its postoperative survival rate and occurrence of complications are basically the same as those of routine surgery, and it can significantly improve the postoperative breast shape and improve the quality of life of patients.