Objective To explore the application of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation exercise training in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods 100 patients with stable COPD who were treated in the hospital were selected for the study and were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 50 cases in each group. Control group was given routine treatment and nursing, and observation group was given cardiopulmonary rehabilitation exercise training on the basis of control group, and the two groups were intervened for 3 months. The percentage of vital capacity in predicted value (VC%), the percentage of forced expiratory volume in 1s in predicted value (FEV1%) and the percentage of forced vital capacity in predicted value (FVC%) were detected and calculated in the two groups before and after intervention, and the blood gas indexes before and after intervention were compared between the two groups. The SF-36 scale was used to assess the quality of life in the two groups before and after intervention. Results After intervention, the VC%, FEV1% and FVC% levels in observation group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). The PaO2 level in observation group was higher than that in control group while the PaCO2 level was lower than that in control group (P<0.05). The SF-36 score in observation group was higher than that in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Cardiopulmonary rehabilitation exercise training can effectively improve the lung function and arterial blood gas status and enhance the quality of life.