Objective To investigate the application value of ultrasound combined withCT angiography (CTA) in patients with uremia undergoing hemodialysis. Methods Fiftyfive patients with uremia who were admitted to our hospital from June 2012 to October 2016 were selected. All patients were treated with hemodialysis, and the self - cephalic vein - radial artery internal fistula was established. The Doppler ultrasonograph was performed before and after surgery to observe the distribution, patency and blood filling of arteries and veins. CTA scan and image reconstruction were performed to observe internal fistula vascular inflow artery, outflow vein, anastomotic stoma and degree of stenosis. Results All of 55 patients successfully completed ultrasound and CTA examination. The findings of CTA were normal in 12 cases, and the other 43 cases had different degrees of arteriovenous fistula dysfunction, including 12 cases of simple outflow vein stenosis, 10 cases of proximal anastomotic stenosis, 7 cases of simple inflow artery stenosis, 7 cases of anastomotic stenosis, 6 cases of inflow artery, anastomotic and outflow venous stenosis and 1 case of steal.1 week and 4 weeks after operation, the mean diameter of the arteries and veins increased significantly, and the blood flow and blood flow velocity increased significantly (P<0.05). Among 55 cases, there were 6 cases (10.91%) with complications detected by ultrasonography and CTA, including 3 cases of anastomotic stoma thrombosis, 2 cases of arteriovenous fistula stenosis, and 2 cases of arteriovenous fistula stenosis with embolism.Conclusion Color Doppler ultrasound combined with CTA is of great value in selecting vascular fistula before ostomy,monitoring of vascular access after ostomy, evaluating maturity of arteriovenousfistula and diagnosis of complications.