Objective Research the effect of behavioral nursing intervention on hemodialysis patients' self-efficacy and adverse events. Methods 100 patients who underwent hemodialysis in our hospital from May 2015 to May 2016 were selected for the study. All the patients were divided into control group (n=50) and observation group (n=50) by doubleblind method. The control group received routine nursing and the observation group received behavioral nursing for nursing intervention. The self-efficacy and incidence of adverse events were compared between the two groups. Results After nursing care, the scores of medical behavior, drug treatment, daily life and health behavior of the patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The probability of adverse events was 14% higher in the control group than 4% in the observation group, and the difference was statistically significantof(P<0.05). Conclusion The application of behavioral nursing intervention in hemodialysis patients can reduce the probability of adverse time of impotence and improve the self-efficacy of patients, which is worthy of clinical promotion.