Objective To study the effects of emergency medical service on the clinical efficacy of patients with craniocerebral trauma. Methods 60 cases of patients with craniocerebral trauma admitted to the emergency department of the Second People’ s Hospital of Luohe City from January 2016 to October 2017 were randomly divided into observation group (emergency medical service, n=30) and control group (traditional first aid, n=30). The first aid time and rescue effects were observed in the two groups, and the patients were followed up for 3 months, and the quality of life was evaluated in the two groups. Results Compared with control group, the visiting arrival time, evaluation time, consultation time, first aid time and transfer time in observation group were significantly shortened (P<0.05). The rescue rate in observation group was higher than that in control group (93.33% vs 76.67%) (P<0.05). At 3 months of follow-up, the quality of life in the two groups was significantly improved compared with that before treatment, and the quality of life score after 3 months in observation group was higher than that in control group [(61.21±7.22) points vs (55.21±7.14) points] (P<0.05). Conclusion Emergency medical service can significantly shorten the first aid time of patients with craniocerebral trauma, improve the first aid effects, and effectively improve the quality of life of patients.