Objective To explore the effects of whole course high quality nursing care mode on the treatment compliance and negative emotions in patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery. Methods 992 patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery in our hospital were selected as the research objects, and they were randomly divided into whole course high quality nursing care group (experimental group, n=496) and routine nursing group (control group, n=496). Both groups were given conventional perioperative nursing measures, besides, the experimental group was given additional whole course high quality nursing care. The differences of treatment compliance in the two groups were recorded at discharge, the negative emotions [Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA)] in the two groups at admission and discharge were compared, and the differences of life quality in the two groups were also compared by the Brief Version of WHO quality of life summary table (WHOQOL-BREF) at admission and 6 months after discharge. Results At discharge, the complete compliance rate, partial compliance rate and total compliance rate in the experimental group were all higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), the HAMD and HAMA scores in the two groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the decrease in the experimental group was greater than that in the control group (P<0.05). 6 months after discharge, the scores of WHOQOL-BREF in the two groups were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the increase in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Whole course high quality nursing care mode which is beneficial to improve patients' prognosis and quality of life, can not only improve the treatment compliance, but also relieve the negative emotions of patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery.