Objective To study the health education needs in patients with cholecystectomy and analysis of its influencing factors. Methods From Jul. 2014 to Jan. 2015, a total of 112 patients with cholecystectomy accepted treatment in our hospital were randomly chosen as the clinical research objects. A health education needs questionnaire was designed in order to quantify patients' health education needs and influencing factors, and compare their health education needs scores of all dimensions and multiple linear regression analysis results of health education needs influencing factors. Results The score of preoperative preparation was (46.85±6.12) which was higher than the scores of surgery related knowledge, prevention of complications, postoperative analgesia and postoperative functional recovery methods (29.65±2.12), (15.53±2.23), (11.65±2.35) and (28.76±3.56), the standardized regression coefficients of gender, age, educational level and family income were respectively -0.132, 0.125, -0.112 and -0.222(P<0.05). Conclusion The health education needs whose main influencing factors are gender, age, educational level and family income is mainly manifested in preoperative preparation, surgery related knowledge, prevention of complications and postoperative analgesia.