Objective To investigate the relationship between the levels of angiotensin II and aldosterone levels and primary hypertension. Methods From Apr. 2015 to Apr. 2017, 150 patients with primary hypertension in our hospital were taken as the research objects, and they were divided into grade-1 group (n=45), grade-2 group (n=50) and grade-3 group (n=55) according to the classification standard of primary hypertension. At the same time, the subjects who had normal physical examination in our hospital (n=40) were selected as the control group. The levels of angiotensin II and aldosterone in each group were compared, and the relationship between the levels angiotensin II and aldosterone and primary hypertension was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results The levels of angiotensin II and aldosterone in the three groups with primary hypertension were significantly higher than those in the control group, the levels of angiotensin II and aldosterone in the grade-3 group were significantly higher than those in Grade-1 group and Grade-2 group, the levels of angiotensin II and aldosterone in the grade-2 group were significantly higher than those in the grade-1 group, their differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that primary hypertension was positively related to angiotensin II (r=0.901, P<0.05) and aldosterone levels (r=0.833, P<0.05). Conclusion Angiotensin II and aldosterone levels are closely related to primary hypertension.