目的 探究慢性根尖周炎（chronic apical periodontitis, CAP）应用一次性根管预备热牙胶即刻充填治疗的效 果。方法 采用随机数字表法将186例CAP患者分为研究组和对照组各93例。研究组患者予以一次性根管预备热牙胶 即刻充填治疗，对照组患者予以冷牙胶充填法治疗。比较两组患者根管填充效果、术后1周疼痛情况及术后1年疗效 差异。结果 研究组患者根管填充效果优良率和术后1年治疗总有效率均高于对照组，术后1周疼痛发生率、视觉模 拟评分均低于对照组（P﹤0.05）。结论 一次性根管预备热牙胶即刻充填术治疗CAP比冷牙胶充填法的填充效果好， 且可减轻患者术后疼痛，具有更高的治愈效果。

Objective To explore the effect of one-time instant root canal filling with prepared warm gutta-percha on chronic apical periodontitis (CAP). Methods 186 patients with CAP were randomly divided into study group (93 cases) and control group (93 cases). The patients in the study group were treated with one-time instant root canal filling with prepared warm gutta-percha, while the other patients in the control group were treated with cold gutta-percha filling. The effects of root canal filling, pain in 1 week after operation and curative effects in 1 year after operation were compared between the two groups. Results The excellent rate of root canal filling and total effective rate in 1 year after operation of the study group were all higher than those of the control group, the incidence rate of pain in 1 week after operation and visual analogue scale (VAS) score of the study group were all lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion One-time instant root canal filling with prepared warm gutta-percha which has better filling effect and higher curative effect than cold gutta-percha filling, can reduce postoperative pain for CAP patients.