目的 针对气道异物患儿行多层螺旋CT扫描及图像后处理技术，并探究分析其检查的准确程度。方法 选择78例患儿 作为本次研究对象，均为2016年7月至2017年7月经由本院门诊收治的气道异物患儿，将其以投掷法随机分成两组， 其中行X线检查的39例患儿作为对照组，另外行CT检查的39例患儿作为观察组，对比分析两种方法的异物分型符合 率与误诊率。结果 对照组患儿Ⅰ型8例(20.51%)，Ⅱ型10例(25.64%)，Ⅲ型8例(20.51%)，符合26例(66.67%)；观 察组患儿Ⅰ型10例(25.64%)，Ⅱ型13例(33.33%)，Ⅲ型14例(35.90%)，符合37例(94.87%)，其差异有统计学意义 (P<0.05)；对照组误诊14例(35.90%)，观察组误诊2例(5.13%)，组间差别显著，具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 多层螺旋CT相比于X线在小儿气道异物方面准确率较高，可作为气道取物的重要检出方法，建议广泛应用。

Objective To investigate accurate degree of multi-slice ct scanning and image handling technology on diagnosis of foreign bodies in airway in children. Methods 78 cases with foreign bodies in airway in outpatient service in our hospital from July 2016 to July 2017 were selected and divided into two groups according to throwing method, 39 cases given X-ray examination were seen as control group, 39 cases given CT examination were seen as observation group, foreign body coincidence rate and misdiagnosis rate of two groups were compared. Results In control group, Ⅰtype 8 cases(20.51%), Ⅱtype 10 cases(25.64%), Ⅲ type 8 cases(20.51%), coincidence 26 cases(66.67%). In observation group, Ⅰtype 10 cases(25.64%), Ⅱ type 13 cases(33.33%), Ⅲ type 14 cases(35.90%), coincidence 37 cases(94.87%), the difference was statistic significant(P<0.05), there were 14 cases (35.90%) misdiagnosed in control group and 2 cases (5.13%) in observation group, the difference was statistic significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Multislice ct scanning has higher accuracy rate on diagnosis of foreign bodies in airway in children compared with X-ray examination, it can be seen as an important detection method and is worthy of wide application.