Objective To investigate the clinical manifestation and significance of volumetric high-resolution computed tomography (vHRCT) in children's bronchiectasis and provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis of bronchodilation in children. Methods 50 cases of children with bronchiectasis treated in our hospital from December 2015 to December 2016 were selected and underwent vHRCT examination. The types and distribution of bronchiectasis and the lesion types of combined diseases are included; The CT findings of different types of bronchiectasis were analyzed. Results Among the 50 cases, there were 43 cases with cylindrical bronchiectasis (84.00%), 2 cases with cystic bronchiectasis (6.00%) and 4 cases with sacculocylindrical bronchiectasis (10.00%). Among 136 signs of lobar bronchiectasis, the lobus superior, ligular, lobus inferior of the left lung, and the lobus superior, lobus medius and lobus inferior of the right lung were 17 cases, 12 cases, 32 cases, 19 cases, 23 cases, 33 cases respectively, and the proportions were 12.50%, 8.82%, 23.53%, 13.97%, 16.91% and 24.26% respectively. The CT signs of cylindrical bronchiectasis were specific "signet ring sign" and "orbit sign". The CT signs of cystic bronchiectasis were alveolate when the polycystic cavity is adjacent, and the bronchus showed sacculocylindrical bronchiectasis. The CT signs of sacculocylindrical bronchiectasis is characterized by cystic and columnar, bronchiectasis was uneven in thickness and manifested as venous curvature. Conclusion Children with bronchiectasis mainly manifests as cylindrical bronchiectasis, and signs of bronchiectasis can be seen in all the lobes. Characteristic CT findings are an effective method for early diagnosis of bronchiectasis in children.