Objective To study the clinical effect of porcine pulmonary surfactant on preventing premature infant respiratory distress syndrome. Methods From Jun. 2013 to Sep. 2013, a total of 100 premature infants in our hospital were taken as the clinical research objects, and they were divided into control group (50 cases) and observation group (50 cases) according to their birth time. None prevention was given to the control group, but the observation group was given porcine pulmonary surfactant (Poractant Alfa Injection). The changes of clinical indexes and the occurrence of complications in the two groups were observed. Results 12h after treatment, the difference was statistical significance between the two groups in clinical indexes as PaH2, PaCO2 and PaO2/FiO2(P<0.05), the ventilation, oxygen inhalation days and hospital stay in the observation group were better than those in the control group, and their differences were statistically significant(P<0.05), the complication rate in the observation group was 8% which was significantly lower than that in the control group 32%, and their difference was statistically significant(χ2 =10.981,P<0.05). Conclusion Porcine pulmonary surfactant has significant effect on preventing premature infant respiratory distress syndrome, and less complication rate. Thus, it is worthy of promotion in clinic.