Objective To analyze the effect of health education combined with pulmonaryrehabilitation training on prevention of pulmonary infection after thoracic surgery. Methods A total of 86 patients who accepted thoracic surgery in our hospital were taken as the clinical research objects, and they were randomly divided into study group and control group. Both groups were given conventional intervention, besides, the study group was given additional pulmonary rehabilitation training and health education. The incidence rates of pulmonary infection, pulmonary function indexes and scores of life quality in the two groups were compared. Results After nursing, the improvement of pulmonary function in the study group was better than that in the control group, and their difference was statistically significant(P<0.05), the quality of life in the study group was significantly increased, and the difference in life quality between the study group and the control group was statistically significant(P<0.05), the incidence rate of pulmonary infection in the study group was 2.33% which was obviously lower than that in the control group 18.60%, and their difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Pulmonary rehabilitation training and health education for patients with thoracic surgery can control the risk of pulmonary infection, improve respiratory function and quality of life, and reduce complications. Thus, it is worthy of clinical application.