Objective To analyze risk factors of respiratory tract infection in PICU children. Methods From Feb. 2014 to Mar. 2016, a total of 92 PICU children in our hospital were taken as the clinical research objects, and their clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. Both single factor analysis and logistic multivariate analysis for respiratory tract infection were performed. Results The incidence rate of respiratory tract infection was 14.13%(13/92), the incidence of respiratory tract infection was related to age, mechanical ventilation time, hospital stay, invasive operation, rational use of antimicrobial drugs, trace elements, respiratory distress syndrome, nursing mode selection and so on; Logistic multivariate analysis further revealed that age, mechanical ventilation time, hospital stay, invasive operation, rational use of antimicrobial drugs, trace elements, respiratory distress syndrome, nursing mode selection were independent risk factors of respiratory tract infection for PICU children. Conclusion For the age, mechanical ventilation time, hospital stay, invasive operation, rational use of antimicrobial drugs, trace elements, respiratory distress syndrome, nursing mode selection and so on are independent risk factors of respiratory tract infection for PICU children, it is necessary to carry out targeted prevention according to the situation of children.