Objective To investigate the influencing factors of graft function after dialysis treatment in patients with acute kidney injury. Methods 228 cases with acute kidney injury in our Hospital were selected as study objects. The predisposing factors and graft function after dialysis treatment of patients were analyzed. Results Of 228 cases, the main reasons that caused acute kidney injury were sepsis shock (40.79%), obviously larger than major surgery or severe trauma (14.91%), cardiac shock (13.60%), hypovolemic shock (27 cases, 11.84%), neurogenic shock (10.97%), drug factors (6.14%) and others (1.75%), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), graft function was related with age, APACHE Ⅱ score, numbers of organ failure, arterial CO2 partial pressure, blood platelet count, chronic renal failure and severe basic diseases, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Acute kidney injury can be prevented and cured in time according to the predisposing factors, it can promote graft function of patients and is worthy of wide application.