目的 探讨18F-脱氧葡萄糖(18FFDG)和11C-胆碱(11C-Choline）正电子发 射计算机断层显像CT检查(PET/CT)在前列 腺癌诊断效能的差异。方法 63例前列腺 病变患者，平均年龄(69.19±9.07)。行 18F-FDG 和11C-Choline PET/CT检查，对前 列腺良性病变和前列腺癌部位分别计算标 准摄取值(SUV)最大值(SUVmax)。将PET/ CT诊断结果与病理检查结果对比,并分析 SUVmax与血清前列腺特异抗原(PSA)的相 关性。统计学处理采用SPSS 17.0软件。 结果 (1)比较前列腺癌和前列腺良性病变 患者11C-Choline SUVmax差异有统计学意 义(P＜0.01)，两组18F-FDG SUVmax值差异 无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；比较前列腺癌 和前列腺良性病变患者fPSA(ng/mL)差异 有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。(2)前列腺癌患 者18F-FDG SUVmax与血清f/T比值呈正相关 (r=0.474，P<0.05)，而在前列腺良性病 变患者两者之间则呈负相关(r=-0.540， P<0.05)。11C-Choline SUVmax与TPSA、 fPSA、f/T值之间无相关性(P＞0.05)。结 论 11C-Choline对前列腺癌诊断效能高于 18F-FDG PET/CT，但两者互相补充，fPSA 和血清f/T可以协助诊断。

Objective To compare the accuracy of 18F-FDG and 11C-choline PET/CT in diagnosis of prostate cancer. Methods This prospective study enrolled 63 consecutive patients with prostate diseases and presenting with rising PSA. All had 11C-choline and 18F-FDG PET/CT performed, maximum standardized uptake value SUV was used for image evaluation. The result of 11C-choline and 18F-FDG PET/CT were compared with pathologic findings, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value were calculated for both the tracers. Possible correlation between serum prostate specific antigen(PSA)and SUVmax were investigated with linear correlation. Results (1)11C-Choline SUVmax difference was statistically significant between the patients with prostate cancer and benign lesions (P<0.01),but there were no statistically significant differences of 18F- FDG SUVmax among two groups (P>0.05). Two groups, fPSA (ng/mL) were statistically significant difference (P<0.05). (2)18F-FDG SUVmax were positively correlated with f/T ratio in prostate cancer patients (r=0.474, P<0.05),but were negatively correlated with serum f/T ratio in patients with prostatic benign lesions (r=0.540, P<0.05). Conclusion In our experimental conditions, 11C-choline provided a statistically better performance in terms of lesion detection rate as compared with 18F-FDG, but 18FFDG and 11C-choline PET/CT play a complementary role in the diagnosis of prostate cancer patients, fPSA and serum f/T also can assist in making the diagnosis．