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双侧额顶部硬膜下 出血的CT及MRI影像 特点分析

作者:黄 辉

所属单位:湖北省当阳市中医医院神经外科(湖北 当阳 444100)

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摘要

目的 分析双侧额顶部硬膜下出 血的CT及MRI影像特点。方法 收集我院 2015年2月-2016年2月期间收治的48例双 侧额顶部硬膜下出血患者的CT及MRI影像 资料,分析其CT及MRI影像特点。结果 48 例双侧额顶部硬膜下出血患者中20例行CT 扫描检查,其中急性期7例,亚急性期11 例,慢性期2例;28例行MRI扫描检查,其 中急性期11例,亚急性期10例,慢性期7 例。双侧额顶部硬膜下出血患者CT平扫可 见双侧额顶部颅骨内板下方弧形等低密度 影,血肿清晰,伴有骨质伪影,脑实质未 见异常。MRI平扫轴位T1可见双侧额顶部 颅骨内板下方弧形高信号影,邻近脑实质 略受推挤;脑实质未见异常信号影,灰白 质界面清楚,部分脑沟增宽加深脑回变 浅,中线结构无偏移;MRI平扫轴位T2可 见双侧额顶部颅骨内板下方弧形高信号 影,颅底大血管形态及走形未见异常,颅 骨骨髓信号正常;MRI平扫轴位FLAIR可见 双侧额顶部颅骨内板下方弧形高信号影; eDWI未见弥散受限。结论 CT扫描可见双 侧额顶部颅骨内板下方弧形等低密度影; 血肿不清晰;MRI扫描轴位T1可见弧形高 信号影,血肿清晰,中线结构无偏移;轴 位T2可见弧形高信号影,轴位FLAIR可见 弧形高信号影;eDWI未见弥散受限。双 侧额顶部硬膜下出血的CT及MRI影像特点 明确,临床应以MRI检查为主,CT检查为 辅。

Objective To analyze the CT and MRI findings of bilateral frontoparietal subdural hemorrhage. Methods The CT and MRI data of 48 patients with bilateral frontoparietal subdural hemorrhage who were admitted in our hospital between February 2015 and February 2016 were collected. The characteristics of CT and MRI images were analyzed. Results In 48 patients with bilateral frontoparietal subdural hemorrhage, 20 cases underwent CT scan, including 7 cases in acute phase, 11 cases in subacute phase and 2 cases in chronic phase, 28 cases underwent MRI scan, including 11 cases in acute phase, 10 cases in subacute phase and 7 cases in chronic phase. CT plain scan of patients with bilateral frontoparietal subdural hemorrhage showed arc equal and low density shadow below bilateral frontoparietal skull inner plate, clear hematoma, with bone artifacts and no abnormality of brain parenchyma. MRI axial scan T1 showed high density shadow below bilateral frontoparietal skull inner plate, and the adjacent brain parenchyma was slightly pushed; There was no abnormal signal in brain parenchyma, and gray matter interface was clear. Some sulus broadened and deepened while gyri became shallow. The midline structures were without deviation. MRI axial scan T2 showed that there was high density shadow below bilateral frontoparietal skull inner plate, and there were no abnormal basicranial vascular shape and lost shape. The signal of skull bone marrow was normal. MRI axial scan FLAIR showed bilateral high signal shadow below bilateral frontoparietal skull inner plate. EDWI showed no diffusion limitation. Conclusion CT scan can show equal and low density shadow below bilateral frontoparietal skull inner plate and unclear hematoma; MRI axial scan T1 shows arc high signal shadow, clear hematoma, midline structure without shift. Axial T2 shows arc high signal shadow, and axial FLAIR shows arc high signal shadow. EDWI shows no diffusion limitation. The CT and MRI findings of bilateral frontoparietal subdural hemorrhage are clear. In clinic, examination should be based on MRI, and CT can be used as a complementary examination.

【关键词】双侧额顶部;硬膜下出血; CT;MRI;影像特点

【中图分类号】R714.44+3

【文献标识码】A

【DOI】 10.3969/j.issn.1672- 5131.2016.12.016

前言

双侧额顶部硬膜下出血是慢性硬膜下血肿的表现,是发生在硬脑 膜与蛛网膜之间的血肿出血,是颅脑外伤中常见的颅内血肿之一;硬 膜下血肿出血是临床较为多见的脑血管疾病,发病人群多为中老年患 者[1]。目前对于血肿的出血来源和发病机理尚无统一的认识,患者临 床多表现为头痛较为突出、头晕、呕吐、恶心、水肿、智力迟钝、记 忆力明显下降以及四肢乏力等局源性脑症状,严重影响患者身体健康 和日常生活;双侧额顶部硬膜下出血表现为慢性过程,如未及时明确 诊断和手术治疗,可导致病情进展危重或伴发系列并发症,甚至危及 生命[2-3]。双侧额顶部硬膜下出血的相关诊断研究报道较为少见,故本 文通过分析我院近两年48例双侧额顶部硬膜下出血患者的CT及MRI影像 资料,探究该病CT及MRI影像特点,以期为临床诊断及治疗提供参考。 现报告如下。