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睾丸表皮样囊肿的MRI诊断

作者:李国祥

所属单位:河南省信阳市第三人民医院放射科(河南 信阳 464000)

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摘要

目的探讨睾丸表皮样囊肿的MRI 表现,以提高对本病的进一步认识和诊断 准确率。方法 回顾性分析8例经手术病理 证实睾丸表皮样囊肿的MRI表现,8例全部 行MRI检查,其中5例并行增强检查。结 果 ①T1WI序列显示:2例病灶信号均匀, 呈等信号。6例信号欠均匀,其中5例表现 为病灶以高信号为主,中心伴点片状低信 号,呈“靶征”,所有病灶均边界清晰, 均可见线样低信号环。②T2WI序列显示: 3例病灶信号均匀,呈均匀的高信号;5例 病灶信号不均匀,在高信号的基础上中心 可以见到点片状低信号, 即表现为“靶 征”。所有病例在T2WI序列上均显示病灶 边缘可见完整低信号环,病灶边界清晰。 ③增强扫描显示:5例病灶均未强化,表 现为低信号囊性团块。结论 睾丸表皮样 囊肿的MRI具有较特征性的表现,有助于 该病的鉴别诊断、指导制定治疗方案。

Objective To study the MRI imaging characteristics of testicular epidermoid cyst, which can be helpful to improve its diagnostic accuracy. Methods The MRI findings of 8 cases with testicular epidermoid cyst proved by pathology and surgery were retrospectively analyzed, all 8 cases with MRI examination,5 cases with enhanced MRI examination. Results ①T1WI sequence: two cases showed uniform signal and they were equisignal images. The signal of 6 cases were non uniform, including five cases showed lesions with high signal-based, whose center point were sheets of low signal, presenting the "target" sign. All lesions hah clear boundaries which were visible wire-like low signal ring. ②T2WI sequence: 3 cases of lesions signal were uniform, and they were uniformly high signal; five cases of lesions signal were non uniform, on the basis of high signal can be seen sheets of low signal in the center point, which showed the "target sign." In all cases, the lesions on T2WI sequences showed low signal integrity ring edge and visible clear boundary. ③ enhanced scan shows: the lesions of five cases were not strengthened, displayed as cystic mass with low signal. Conclusion Testicular epidermoid cyst show characteristic manifestations on MRI, which is helpful in differential diagnosis and making treatment plan.

【关键词】睾丸表皮样囊肿;磁共振成像

【中图分类号】R697+.2; R445.2

【文献标识码】A

【DOI】10.3969/j.issn.1672-5131.2015.05.034

前言

睾丸表皮样囊肿也叫做角化囊肿,是一种比较罕见的睾丸良性肿 瘤,其无恶变倾向,发生率占所有睾丸内肿瘤的1%左右[1-2],在术极易 被误诊为睾丸恶性肿瘤而导致不必要的睾丸摘除。该病可以发生于任 何年龄,以20~40岁最为常见。一般为单侧单发,平均直径为2cm,单 侧多发及双侧发生者仅占睾丸表皮样囊肿的0.5%[3]。临床上,患者常 以偶发阴囊肿物为首发症状,少数伴有睾丸轻微疼痛和不适感,血清 肿瘤标志物和生化检查均未见明显异常。目前认为其是睾丸畸胎瘤的 一个亚类或是其发展过程中的一个阶段。为进一步提高对本病影像学 上的认识、提高鉴别诊断能力及诊断准确率,笔者收集了本院8例经手 术病理证实的睾丸表皮样囊肿,并结合文献复习对其MRI表现加以回顾 性分析,以探讨和总结其特征性的MRI表现,现报告如下。