Objective To explore the value of CT perfusion indexes in evaluating therapeutic effect and relationship with expression of epidermal growth factor (EGFR) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods CT perfusion indexes of before-and-after treatment in 45 patients with advanced NSCLC were collected. All patients were confirmed by pathology. Patients were divided into positive group (n=37) and negative group (n=8) according to the expression of EGFR. Besides, remission (n=25) and no-remission group (n=20) were divided according to the therapeutic effect. The correlation between the expression of EGFR and indexes, including blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV) and permeability(PMB), were analyzed. Moreover, the correlation between therapeutic effect and changes of each indexes were compared. Results CT perfusion indexes have no correlation with the expression of EGFR in advanced NSCLC (P>0.05). BF value in remission group was apparently higher than that in no-remission group (P>0.05). BF and PMB values were declined dramatically in remission group whereas BF and BV values were increased in no-remission group (P>0.05). Considering the decline of BF value as effective treatment, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive value of CT perfusion indexes were 100%, 85%, 84.51% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion CT perfusion indexes can contribute to the evaluation of therapeutic effectin advanced NSCLC.