Objective To analyze the effects of the application of frozen normal saline in preventing bone cement leakage in percutaneous vertebroplasty. Methods 80 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures who were going to undergo percutaneous vertebroplasty in our hospital between January 2011 and December 2012 were included in the study. According to the principle of random control, the patients were divided into the control group and the observation group with 40 cases in each group. The observation group were given frozen normal saline intervention during operation while the control group were given routine intervention (without application of frozen normal saline). CT examination was performed before and after operation. The pain scores (VAS) before and after operation and the incidence of bone cement leakage in the 2 groups were compared. Results On the 3rd day after operation, VAS scores of the observation group and the control group were (2.2±1.0) and (2.3±1.2), respectively which were significantly lower than those before operation (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the 2 groups (P>0.05). The postoperative CT review showed that the incidence rate of bone cement leakage in the observation group (10.0%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (30.0%) (P<0.05). 1 week after operation, CT review showed that the differences in Cobb'angle and vertebral compression rate between the observation group and the control group were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion CT is effective in the evaluating the curative effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. The application of frozen normal saline can significantly reduce the incidence of bone cement leakage.