Objective To analyze the clinical features, imaging findings and intervention effects of pulmonary infection in children with acute leukemia after chemotherapy. Methods The study objects were from the 60 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who underwent chemotherapy in the hospital and then were with secondary pulmonary infection during the period from January 2016 to July 2018. The clinical features, imaging findings and intervention conditions were statistically analyzed by reviewing medical records and imaging data. Results The first symptoms were mainly on fever and cough (60.00%, 58.33%). The proportions of main clinical symptoms such as cough and fever were higher (68.33%, 78.33%). 41.67% of pulmonary infection occurred within 31 to 45d after chemotherapy. 33.33% occurred within 46 to 60d. The absolute value of neutrophil in 66.67% children was less than 0.5×109/L. The absolute value of lymphocyte in 36.00% children was less than 0.5×109/L. The absolute value of white blood cell in 73.33% children was less than 5× 109/L. The proportion of infection caused by bacteria was the highest (41.67%), followed by fungi (36.67). Among the 60 children, the proportion of ground-glass opacity sign was the highest (48.33%), followed by the sign of groundglass opacity and consolidation shadow (45.00%). And the proportion of consolidation shadow sign was the lowest (1.67%). The proportion of ground-glass opacity was the highest in CT signs of children with bacteria, viruses and mixed infections as pathogenic bacterium. The proportions of ground-glass opacity coexistence with consolidation shadow, grid or linear opacities were the highest of children with fungi and mycoplasma as pathogenic bacterium (63.64%, 100.00%). And the total response rate of intervention was 86.66% (52/60). Conclusion There is certain characteristic expression from the clinical features and imaging findings of pulmonary infection in children with acute leukemia after chemotherapy, which can provide reference for the clinical prevention and treatment for such patients.