Objective To study the role of fine management in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patient care. Methods A total of 256 patients with PD followed in our hospital from May 2014 to April 2015 were enrolled in the observation group, while 254 PD patients followed in our hospital from May 2013 to April 2014 served as the control group. The fine management and routine management were adopted for patient care in the observation and the control groups, respectively. Incidence of abdominal catheter abnormalities, incidence of peritonitis, the rate of follow-up, and medication accuracy index and incidence of heart failure were compared between the two groups. Results Before the fine management, peritoneal dialysis patient’s incidence of abdominal catheter abnormalities, incidence of peritonitis, the rate of followup, medication accuracy index and incidence of heart failure were 8.2%, 57.5 episodes per patient-month, 88%, 92% and 9.1%. After the fine management, peritoneal dialysis patient’s incidence of abdominal catheter abnormalities, incidence of peritonitis, the rate of follow-up, medication accuracy index and incidence of heart failure were 3.9%, 93.1 episodes per patient-month, 96%, 98% and 3.9%. There have been the statistical differences between the above 4 set of indicators. Conclusion The fine management is associated with improved patient compliance and reduced PDrelated complications in PD patients.