Objective To explore the effect of risk management on maternal and infant outcomes of emergency cesarean section. Methods From Jun. 2015 to Jun. 2016, 116 cases of emergency cesarean section patients were randomly divided into study group (58 cases, Jan. 2016 to Jun. 2016) and control group (58 cases, Jun. 2015 to De. 2015). Both groups were given routine nursing intervention, besides, the study group was given additional risk management. The comprehensive situations of nursing (nursing satisfaction degrees, nursing adverse events and nursing disputes), the incidence rates of adverse events in perinatal infants and the incidence rates of postpartum complications in women were compared between the two groups. Results The nursing satisfaction degree in the study group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05), there were no significant differences in the incidence of nursing disputes, nursing adverse events, death, pneumonia and intracranial hemorrhage of perinatal infants between the two groups (P>0.05); not only the total incidence rate of adverse events in perinatal period, but also the incidence rate of postpartum complications in women of the study group were all lower than those of the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Risk management can not only effectively improve the maternal and infant outcomes of emergency cesarean section, but also reduce the risk of nursing disputes.