Objective By analyzing the non-metallic bronchial foreign bodies in children clinical and imaging data, in order to improve diagnosis of the disease. Methods A retrospective analysis of 40 cases diagnosed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy bronchial foreign children nonmetallic clinical and imaging data, both of40 patients were taken X-ray and mammography, 20 patients were undergoing multi-slice spiral CT. Results 26 cases of foreign body were in the right bronchus, 14 cases in the left; vegetable foreign body of 38 cases, accounting for 95.0%; 34 cases of children were under 3 years of age, accounting for 85.0%; 36 cases of foreign bodies were diagnosed by X-ray, with the accuracy of 90.0%; 28 cases of emphysema, 19 cases of obstructive pneumonia, obstructive atelectasis in 9 cases, 32 cases were mediastinum swing under fluoroscopy. 19 cases of foreign bodies were diagnosed by CT with the accuracy of 95.0%. Foreign body was found directly in 17 cases, 2 cases were diagnosed by history of foreign body suction and indirect signs. Conclusion Children with non-metallic foreign body bronchial preferred X-ray and fluoroscopy, positive and prudent use of multi-slice spiral CT. X-ray examination of the bronchial foreign body should be suspected in children as early as possible bronchoscopy, so that to make a definite diagnosis and further treatment.