目的 探讨儿童猩红热病的临床表现及病原学检测结果分析。方法 选择群体为2017年12月～2018年11月我院收治 的儿童猩红热患儿40例，分析其临床表现以及皮疹特征，将患儿咽拭子标本进行病原体分离培养，对分纯后的 可疑菌落进行病原体初筛和鉴定。结果 本研究中40例儿童猩红热病患儿中，普通型比率为47.50%，轻型比率为 52.50%，未发现脓毒型、中毒型及外科型；患儿临床症状表现中发热20例(50.00%)，咽痛33例(82.50%)，咽峡炎36 例(90.00%)；24例(60.00%)患儿出现典型皮疹，16例(40.00%)患儿出现不典型皮疹；40例患儿中有38例(95.00%)出 现0.3cm毛囊性针尖大丘疹；40例患儿通过咽拭子培养显示A族β型溶血链球菌阳性27例，阳性率为67.50%。结论 儿童猩红热临床表现倾向轻症化，皮疹状态具有一定的特征性，病原学检测在临床诊断中具有一定的作用。

Objective To explore the clinical manifestations and pathogenic detection results of children scarlet fever. Methods A total of 40 children patients with scarlet fever in our hospital from December 2017 to November 2018 were selected. The clinical manifestations and rash characteristics were analyzed. The throat swab specimens of children patients were isolated and cultured. Suspected colonies were given pathogen screening and identification. Results Among the 40 children patients with scarlet fever in this study, the rate of common type was 47.50%, and the rate of light type was 52.50%, and there was no sepsis type, poisoning type and surgical type. The clinical symptoms manifestations of children patients showed 20 cases of fever (50.00%) 33 cases of sore throat (82.50%) and 36 cases of angina (90.00%). 24 cases (60.00%) of children patients were with typical rash, and 16 cases (40.00%) were with atypical rash. Among 40 cases of children patients, 38 cases (95.00%) were with 0.3cm follicular needle tip papules. Throat swab culture of 40 children patients showed 27 cases of positive group A β-type streptococcus hemolyticus, and the positive rate was 67.50%. Conclusion The clinical manifestations of children scarlet fever tend to be mild, and the state of rash has certain characteristics, and the pathogenic detection has a certain role in clinical diagnosis.