目的 探究不同剂量肺表面活性物质(PS)治疗重症新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)的疗效。方法 选取在我院接受治疗 的86例重症RDS患儿为受试对象，随机分为研究组与对照组各43例。研究组患儿每次给予100mg/kg PS，而对照组 患儿每次给予70mg/kg PS进行治疗。比较治疗前后两组患儿动脉血气指标[动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、动脉血二氧化碳 分压(PaCO2)、氧合指数(OI)]变化，分析其发生并发症情况。结果 治疗后第12h时，两组PaO2水平均有明显升高， 且研究组明显高于对照组(P均＜0.05)；而PaCO2、OI水平明显降低，且研究组明显低于对照组(P均＜0.05)。治疗 后14d内，研究组患儿并发症发生率低于对照组(P＜0.05)。结论 以大剂量PS治疗重症RDS患儿可取得更佳的治疗效 果，于其病情转归有利。

Objective To investigate the effects of different doses of pulmonary surfactant (PS) on severe respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in neonates. Methods 86 neonates with severe RDS in our hospital were taken as the research objects, and they were randomly divided into the study group and the control group with 43 cases in each group. The study group was given 100mg/kg PS every time, while the control group was given 70mg/kg PS every time. The changes of arterial blood gas indexes [arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and oxygenation indexes (OI)] in the two groups were compared before and after treatment, and the complications in the two groups were analyzed. Results 12h after treatment, the PaO2 levels in the two groups were significantly increased, and the increase in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). while PaCO2 and OI levels in the two groups were significantly decreased, and the decrease in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). 14d after treatment, the incidence rate of complications in the study group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05) . Conclusion High dose PS which is beneficial to the prognosis of the disease, can achieve better therapeutic effect for neonates with sever RDS.