目的 探究早期营养支持对极低出生体质量儿(VLBWI)生长及神经发育的影响。方法 将2015年6月至2016年6月于我 院诊治的94例VLBWI采用随机数字表法均分为两组(各47例)，对照组实施传统静脉营养支持，观察组早期营养支 持。通过比较两组出生后体质量下降幅度、恢复出生体质量时间、营养支持时间、住院时间等指标来评估两组生长 发育情况；通过比较两组新生儿神经行为(NBNA)测试评分来评估两组神经发育情况。结果 观察组出生后体质量下 降幅度、恢复出生体质量时间、营养支持时间、住院时间均较对照组显著较低，恢复出生体质量后增长量较对照组 显著较高，差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。两组一般反应比较无统计学意义(P＞0.05)；观察组行为能力、被动肌 张力、主动肌张力、原始反射均较对照组显著较高(P＜0.05)。结论 早期营养支持可显著改善VLBWI生长发育及神 经发育情况，在临床上具有一定的应用价值。

Objective To study the effect of early nutrition support on the growth and neural development in very low birth weight infants (VLBWI). Methods From Jun. 2015 to Jun. 2016, a total of 94 VLBWI in our hospital were taken as the clinical research objects, and they were randomly divided into observation group and control group (47 cases in each group). The infants in control group were given traditional parenteral nutrition support, and the other infants in observation group were given early nutrition support. After nursing, the indexes such as neonatal body weigh decrease, birth weight recovery time, nutrition support time and hospital stay in these two groups were collected in order to evaluate their growth and development, and the neonatal behavior neurological assessment (NBNA) scores were also collected in order to evaluate their neural development. Results The neonatal body weigh decrease, birth weight recovery time, nutrition support time and hospital stay in the observation group were respectively lower than those in the control group, and the body weigh increase after birth weight recovery in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, the differences were statistical significance. There was no statistical significance in general reaction between groups (P>0.05). The scores of behavioral ability, passive muscular tension, active muscular tension and initial reflection in the observation group were respectively higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Early nutrition support has certain application value in clinic, which can significantly improve the growth and neural development of VLBWI.