目的 分析微通道经皮肾镜碎石术(mPCNL)对上路尿结石患者碎石效果及并发症。方法 选取我院2010年1月至2011年 1月90例上路尿结石患者为研究对象，将患者抽签随机分为A组与B组，每组45例。A组采用微通道经皮肾镜碎石术 治疗，B组采用标准通道经皮肾镜碎石术(PCNL)治疗，记录两组术中出血量、手术时间、住院时间及清除的结石大 小，并比较总结石清除率、上段结石清除率及术后并发症发生率。结果 A组术中出血量低于B组，住院时间短于B 组，结石直径小于B组，手术时间长于B组，有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组总结石清除率73.33%低于B组91.11%，有统 计学意义(P<0.05)。A组并发症发生率0.44%低于B组17.78%，有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 mPCNL创伤小，手术时 间较长，术后恢复快，适合清理小结石，并发症较多；PCNL结石清除率高，手术时间短，适合清理较大结石，可减 少并发症发生率。

Objective To analyze the lithotripsy effect and complications of mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mPCNL) in the treatment of patients with upper urinary stone. Methods From Jan. 2010 to Jan. 2011, a total of 90 patients with upper urinary stone in our department were taken as the clinical research objects, and they were randomly divided into A group (45 cases) and B group (45 cases). Patients in the A group were given mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy, and the other patients in the B group were given percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The intraoperative blood loss, operation time, hospital stay and stone size were recorded, the total stone clearance rate, upper stone clearance rate and incidence rate of postoperative complication in the two groups were compared. Results The intraoperative blood loss in the A group was lower than that in the B group, the hospital stay in the A group was shorter than that in the B group, the stone size in the A group was smaller than that in the B group, the operation time in the A group was longer than that in the B group, and their differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The total stone clearance rate in the A group was 73.33% which was lower than that in the B group 91.11%, and their difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence rate of postoperative complication in the A group was 0.44% which was higher than that in the B group 17.78%, and their difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion mPCNL whose characteristics are smaller wound, longer operation time, rapider postoperative recovery and more complications, is suitable for cleaning smaller stones. PCNL whose characteristics are higher stone clearance rate, shorter operation time and less incidence rate of complication, is suitable for cleaning bigger stone.