目的 分析小儿非金属性支气管异物的临床和影像学资料，提高对该病的诊断水平。方法 回顾性分析40例经纤维支 气管镜确诊的儿非金属性支气管异物的临床和影像学资料，40例均摄X线片和胸部透视，20例行多层螺旋CT检查。 结果 异物位于右侧26例，位于左侧14例；植物性异物38例，占95.0%；3岁以下小儿34例，占85.0%；X线片诊断异 物36例，诊断准确率90.0%，其中阻塞性肺气肿28例，阻塞性肺炎19例，阻塞性肺不张9例，透视下纵膈摆动32例； CT检查诊断异物19例，诊断准确性95.0%，直接发现异物17例，2例通过间接征象和异物吸入史而诊断。结论 小儿 非金属性支气管异物首选X线片和透视，积极审慎运用多层螺旋CT检查；对X线检查怀疑支气管异物的患儿应尽早行 纤维支气管镜检查,以便确诊及进一步治疗。

Objective By analyzing the non-metallic bronchial foreign bodies in children clinical and imaging data, in order to improve diagnosis of the disease. Methods A retrospective analysis of 40 cases diagnosed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy bronchial foreign children nonmetallic clinical and imaging data, both of40 patients were taken X-ray and mammography, 20 patients were undergoing multi-slice spiral CT. Results 26 cases of foreign body were in the right bronchus, 14 cases in the left; vegetable foreign body of 38 cases, accounting for 95.0%; 34 cases of children were under 3 years of age, accounting for 85.0%; 36 cases of foreign bodies were diagnosed by X-ray, with the accuracy of 90.0%; 28 cases of emphysema, 19 cases of obstructive pneumonia, obstructive atelectasis in 9 cases, 32 cases were mediastinum swing under fluoroscopy. 19 cases of foreign bodies were diagnosed by CT with the accuracy of 95.0%. Foreign body was found directly in 17 cases, 2 cases were diagnosed by history of foreign body suction and indirect signs. Conclusion Children with non-metallic foreign body bronchial preferred X-ray and fluoroscopy, positive and prudent use of multi-slice spiral CT. X-ray examination of the bronchial foreign body should be suspected in children as early as possible bronchoscopy, so that to make a definite diagnosis and further treatment.