目的 报道并探讨乳腺血管平滑肌脂肪瘤（angiomyolipoma, AML）的临床病理特征、免疫组化表达及鉴别诊断。方 法 回顾我院收治的一例乳腺AML临床病理学特征，并复习文献。结果 肿瘤由成熟脂肪、肿瘤性血管及增生的平滑 肌相互交织形成的一种间叶性错构瘤，发展缓慢，可侵袭性生长，免疫组化表达HMB-45和SMA。结论 乳腺AML是一 种发展缓慢的间叶性肿瘤，术前难以明确诊断，病理诊断需与多种乳腺良恶性病变相鉴别。 【关键词】乳腺；血管平滑肌脂肪瘤；病理；诊断

Objective To explore the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features and differential diagnosis of breast angiomyolipoma(AML). Methods One case of breast AML were reviewed with clinicopathological and immunohistochemical staining, lilerature review. Results It was mesenchyme hamartoma compsed of mature fab aggressive vascular and proliterative smooth muscle. And it grew slowly and aggressively. HMB-45 and SMA were expressed by immunohistochemistry. Conclsione Breast AML was a mesenchyma tumor which grew slowly. It was hard to be diagnosed before the opertion. And its pathology diagnosis should be identitied with other benign or malignant tomors of breast.