目的 研究儿童麻疹合并肺炎的 胸部数字X线摄影(DR)和计算机体层扫描 (CT)图像特点，提高其影像学认识水平， 为临床诊断、鉴别和治疗提供参考依据。 方法 回顾性分析我院166例麻疹合并肺炎 患儿临床资料，将其根据检查方法不同分 为DR(n=86)和CT(n=86)两组，分析并比较 不同病情患儿两种检查方法的图像特点。 结果 胸部DR图像显示，重症患儿肺纹理 模糊、磨玻璃影以及肺实质斑片影、肺实 变、肺门增大、纵膈气肿和胸膜增厚发生 率均高于普通患儿，差异有统计学意义 (P<0.05)；胸部CT图像显示，重症患儿磨 玻璃影、斑片影、肺实变、胸膜增厚、 纵膈气肿发生率高于普通患儿，斑片影 和肺实变累及肺叶数量高于普通患儿，差 异有统计学意义(P<0.05)；CT对麻疹合并 肺炎患儿胸膜增厚及淋巴结肿大检出率高 于DR，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 麻疹合并肺炎患儿DR和CT图像特征根据病 情轻重均可表现为纹理增多增粗、磨玻璃 影、斑片影、肺实变等，且CT图像对淋巴 结肿大、胸膜增厚检出率及病变累及范围 评估准确性更高。

Objective To study the imaging featuresof chest digital radiography (DR) and computed tomography (CT) of children with measles and pneumonia, and to improve their imaging knowledge level so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis, identification and treatment. Methods The clinical data of 166 children patients with measles and pneumonia in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. According to different examination methods, they were divided into DR group (n=86) and CT group (n=86). The imaging features of two types of examination methods were analyzed and compared among children patients with different disease conditions. Results The chest DR images showed that the incidence rates of blurred lung texture, ground glass and lung parenchymal shadow, lung consolidation, hilar enlargement, mediastinal emphysema and pleural thickeningin children patients with severe disease were significantly higher than those in common children patients (P<0.05). The chest CT images showed that the incidence rates of ground glass, patchy shadow, lung consolidation, pleural thickening and mediastinal emphysema in children patients with severe disease were higher than those in common children patients, and the patchy shadow, lung consolidation involvement and lung lobe quantity were higher than those in common children patients (P<0.05). The detection rates of CT in the pleural thickening and lymphadenectasisin children with measles and pneumonia were higher than those of DR (P<0.05). Conclusion The DR and CT imaging features of children patients with measles and pneumonia can be characterized by increased and thickened texture, ground glass, patchy shadow and lung consolidation according to mild or severe disease conditions., and the detection rates of lymphadenectasis and pleural thickening are higher by CTand the assessment of lesion involvement range is more accurate by CT.