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论著-头颈部

颈性眩晕的CTA、 3D-MRA影像学特点 及诊断价值分析*

作者:申 放1 张耀森2

所属单位:1.陕西省荣誉军人康复医院影像科 (陕西 华阴 714200) 2.陕西省渭南市中心医院影像科 (陕西 渭南 714000)

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摘要

目的 探讨CT血管造影(computed tomography angiography, CTA)、三 维动态增强磁共振血管成像(threed i m e n s i o n a l d y n a m i c c o n t r a s t enhanced MR angiography, 3D-CEMRA)对 颈性眩晕的诊断价值及影像学表现。方 法 回顾性分析2014年5月至2016年5月医 院收治的100例颈性眩晕患者的影像学资 料,包括CT、CTA、MRI、3D-CEMRA。结果 CTA诊断显示阳性率为88.0%,与3D-CEMRA 的87.0%比较,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。CTA扫描显示57例出现椎-基底动 脉动脉变细或迂曲,部分末段显示不清; 23例出现钩椎关节增生、发育不良等; 3D-CEMRA显示58例椎-基底动脉动脉狭窄 或迂曲,10例伴随椎-基底动脉轻度移位- 扭曲,29例出现椎间失稳、钩椎关节增生 等。结论 CTA、3D-CEMRA是诊断颈性眩晕 的重要、无创影像学手段。

Objective To explore the diagnostic value and imaging features of CT angiography (CTA) and three-dimensional dynamic enhancement magnetic resonance vascular imaging (3D-CEMRA) for cervical vertigo. Methods A retrospective analysis of imaging data was carried out in 100 patients with cervical vertigo treated in our hospital from May 2014 to May 2016, including CT, CTA, MRI, 3D-CEMRA. Results There was no significant difference in the detection rate of positive between CTA (88.0%) and 3D-CEMRA (87.0%) (P>0.05). CTA scan showed that 57 cases of vertebral-basilar artery artery thin or tortuous, part of end-piece display was not clear, 23 cases with hyperplasy and cacoepy of uncovertebral joint, 3D-CEMRA showed that 58 cases of vertebral-basilar artery narrow or tortuous, 10 cases were complicated with vertebralbasilar artery slight shift-angulation, 29 cases with intervertebral destabilization and hyperplasy of uncovertebral joint. Conclusion CTA and 3D-CEMRA are important and non-invasive imaging technologies for the diagnosis of cervical vertigo.

【关键词】颈性眩晕;体层摄影技术;X 线计算机;磁共振成像

【中图分类号】R445.2;R445.3; R743.9

【文献标识码】A

【DOI】 10.3969/j.issn.1672- 5131.2016.11.012

前言

颈性眩晕是由椎-基底动脉自身病变及其颅外段邻近结构病变致血 流障碍引起的以眩晕为主的临床综合征,临床症状主要表现为颈部活 动时伴眩晕、耳鸣、视物模糊等症状[1]。据了解,颈性眩晕发病率呈 逐年上升趋势,直接影响着患者的活质量。因颈性眩晕临床表现无特 异性,且存在个体化差异,仅根据临床症状诊断存在一定局限性,漏 诊及误诊率较高。CT、MR血管造影是临床诊断颈性眩晕较为常用的影 像学方法,对疾病诊治有一定指导意义。然而,目前,临床较少关于 CTA、3D-CEMRA诊断颈性眩晕对比的系统分析。对此,本文对比分析了 CTA、3D-CEMRA在颈性眩晕诊断中的应用价值及影像学表现,现报道如 下。