Objective To evaluate the change of bone marrow fat content in patients with lumbar vertebral end plate osteochondritis and the difference of lumbar fat content in different stages of end plate osteochondritis based on magnetic resonance chemical shift imaging (MRI). Methods Collection in our hospital diagnosis and treatment of parallel 3.0T lumbar MR examination and dual energy X-ray bone density examination (DXA) of the patients. 48 cases of patients with lumbar end plate osteochondritis were examined by MR. The age matched non-end-plate inflammatory group were selected as the control group(n=48). DXA measurement of bone mineral density (g/cm2 ) and MR image measurement of bone marrow fat fraction (FF) in lumbar 1-4, respectively. The bone marrow fat content was measured by the median of the lumbar spine, Manual drawing of the lumbar region of interest (ROI), Avoid bone cortex and lesion area, Measure two times per sample,Measurement of vertebral body fat phase, water phase signal intensity, and calculate the FF,Find the mean value as the final result of statistical analysis. Results BMD value of patients with endplate inflammation and normal control group were statistically different(P<0.001), there was no significant difference in BMD value of each type of endplate inflammation group.FF values in the group of end plates Significantly higher than the normal control group (P<0.001). There was a statistical difference between Modic I and ModicII and ModicⅢ in the group of end plate inflammation(P<0.001). There was no significant difference between ModicⅡ and Modic Ⅲ(P=0.54). Conclusion 1.MR chemical shift imaging as a noninvasive method of measuring bone marrow fat content on the basis of routine MR examination was able to compare the changes of cancellous bone strength in patients with lumbar end plate in earlier than DXA bone density measurements; 2.The content of fat in the lumbar vertebral body of Modic I is lower than Modic II, Modic III, which suggests that the changes of vertebral body strength may be accompanied by the evolution of the end plate.