Objective To investigate the application value of high frequency ultrasound combined with CT in clinical diagnosis of thyroid papillary carcinoma. Methods The clinical data of 150 patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into three groups, ultrasound group (frequency ultrasound), CT group (CT) and combined group (frequency ultrasound combined with CT) according to the image examination methods. Results The pathological diagnosis results showed that 63.33% were unilateral, 19.33% were unilateral, 13.33% were multisided, and 4.00% were multisided among 150 patients with thyroid papillary carcinoma. With 56.00% of microcalcifications, 31.58% of them were combined with thyroid diffuse lesions, 22.11% of grouped nodular goiters, and 22.11% of thyroid follicular adenomas. CT imagings featured that 78.00% of patients had ambiguous boundaries of thyroid tumors, 496.00% of echoes were uneven, and 100.00% had calcification. 58.00% of patients were diagnosed as thyroid adenomas. 68.00% violated the surrounding area, and 60.00% was crab-footed. The picture shows multiple or single round, oval, substantially hypoechoic nodules appearing on the neck. Ultrasonographic featured that 96.15% of patients had thyroid parenchymal calcification, 78.85% had not homogenous, disorder and irregular echoes with no obvious nodules. High-frequency ultrasonography showed that 88.46% of patients had rich blood flow imaging, and 19.23% had abnormal blood flow. The images of the combined group showed that the 487.50% had irregular tumor margins, 100.00% had blurred borders, 83.33% had uneven echoes, and 100.00% had calcifications. So the combined detection rate was 100%. Conclusion The combined diagnosis of thyroid papillary carcinoma can significantly increase the detection rate, which can clarify the tumor shape and the infiltration degree.