Objective To investigate the consistency and difference between ultrasound and CT in identifying calcification of thyroid nodules. Methods In this study, the imaging data of 186 patients with calcification of thyroid nodules admitted to our hospital from January 2017 to January 2018 who received ultrasound and 16-slice spiral CT were analyzed. Results Among the 186 patients, 385 lesions were confirmed by pathology, including 64.16% of benign nodules and 35.84% of malignant nodules. Pathological types: 79.03% were nodular thyroid tumors, 20.97% were thyroiditis. The malignant nodules were dominated by papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, and undifferentiated carcinoma, accounted for 25.97%, 3.90%, 3.38%, 2.60%, respectively. The CT had higher consistency rate as well as lower misdiagnosis rate than those of the ultrasound (P<0.05). The detection rate of thyroid nodules cystic change, invasive capsule, lesion borders, halo ring, calcification, enlarged lymph nodes was higher in CT than the ultrasound examination (P<0.05). Ultrasound features: The detection rate of the microcalcifcation, coarse calcification, crescent-like calcification and annular-like calcification among 21 cases of thyroid nodular calcification were 57.14%, 38.10%, 9.52% and 4.72% respectively. The diameter of microcalcifcation was 0~2mm with an average of (1.25±0.14) mm, which was in psammoma body. The diameter of coarse calcification was 3~8mm, with an average diameter of (5.59±1.42) mm, which had strong echo. CT features: The margins were smooth among the benign thyroid calcification and malignant lesions. Of the 53 calcifications, 45.28% were associated with nodule density, which were fine-grained. Conclusion The psammoma body is a consistent feature of ultrasound and CT in identifying calcification of thyroid nodules, and the combined detection has a higher diagnosis value.