Objective To investigate the application value of 3.0T magnetic resonance whole-body diffusion weighted imaging (WB-DWI) in the treatment of acute leukemia (AL) patients during follow-up. Methods Clinical and imaging data of 30 AL patients treated in our hospital from July 2016 to October 2017 were analyzed. Comparative analyse WB-DWI images and ADC values with clinical efficacy of patients priortreatment, under-treatment and post-treatment. To evaluate the monitoring value of clinical efficacy of WB-DWI in the treatment of acute leukemia patients. Results 30 patients with AL were treated with multiple courses of chemotherapy,19 cases were complete remission(CR), 6 cases were partial remission(PR), 5 cases were non-remission (NR).The bone marrow signal of WB-DWI after treatment in patients with CR and PR is higher than before treatment, The changes of bone marrow signal before, during and after treatment in NR patients were not obvious. The difference of ADC value of CR and PR patients before, under and after treatment was statistically significant (P<0.05) while pairwise contrast of the three group. There was no significant difference in ADC between the three groups before, during and after treatment in NR patients (P>0.05).There was no significant difference in ADC value between CR and PR patients under-treatment and after treatment. Conclusion WB-DWI has a certain value in the monitoring of acute leukemia patients during follow-up treatment, can reduce the number of bone marrow aspiration to a certain extent.