Objective Analysis actinomycosis of the chest X-ray plain film and CT tomography imaging characteristics, the evaluation of the value of X-ray and CT in the diagnosis of the disease. Methods Choose from January 2005 to February 2015, in our hospital during the period, confirmed by laboratory tests for patients with thoracic actinomycosis 10 cases as the research object, all patients were performed X-ray plain film and CT tomography; CT images with a standard algorithm, multi plane restructuring image, image characteristics. Results This group of 10 cases with X-ray is, lateral chest plain film are displayed as mass and large dense shadow, but did not show empty, liquefied gas and lesions; CT examination results showed that 52 actinomycetes lesions involving 18 normal; 8 cases of patients with CT images show that mass as the main lesions, lung see more spots or patch around the lesions and the funicular fuzzy shadow; Mass in the thin wall, and hollow, thin wall smooth, hollow with low density liquefaction and scattered suspended gas oven shadow; CT scan showed to see gas-liquid surface; CT images of 10 cases were showed lesion adjacent pleural thickening, 8 cases of patients with lung CT images showed the door increases and/or mediastinal lymph nodes, 2 cases of right lung CT images showed patchy shadow merge mediastinal abscess. Conclusion X-ray plain film to check the chest actinomycosis cannot view demonstrates the focal area of cavity, liquid and gas, limited diagnostic value and CT tomography can display the details of the lesion, has the characteristic, has high diagnostic value.