Objective To investigate the treatment efficacy of Valsartan Capsules in combination with Alprostadil Injection to the diabetic nephropathy. Methods The research duration extends from December 2013 to December 2014, 30 patients with diabetic nephropathy were selected as research subjects, who were divided into the control group (15 cases,treatment with Valsartan Capsules) and the observation group (15 cases, Valsartan Capsules combination with Alprostadil Fat Emusiom Injection treatment) based on treatment methods. Clinical treatment efficacy effects and renal function improvements in two groups were applied with comparative research. Results The fasting glucose, glycosylated protein, diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure and excretion rate of urinary albumin, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, and ACR indicators of two groups patients had statistic difference, the P<0.05. Conclusions Valsartan Capsules in combination with Alprostadil Injection can effectively improve renal function, reduce urinary protein excretion, and stable blood pressure and blood sugar in the patients of diabetic nephropathy and it is preferred to be used in clinical service.