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运动平板试验及动 态心电图、CTA在 诊断冠心病中的应 用研究*

作者:张菊花

所属单位:河南省驻马店市中心医院功能检查科(河南 驻马店 463000)

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摘要

目的 探讨运动平板试验(TET) 及动态心电图(DCG)、冠状动脉CT血管成 像(CTA)在诊断冠心病中的应用价值。方 法 以2017年5月-2018年5月在本院就诊 的150例疑似冠心病患者为研究对象, 均行TET、DCG、CTA,以冠状动脉造影 (CAG)为金标准,比较TET、DCG、CTA对 冠心病的诊断效能。结果 CTA诊断冠心病 的灵敏度、特异度、准确度为82.11%、 81.82%、82.00%,较TET(72.63%、 72.73%、72.67%)、DCG(63.16%、 58.18%、61.33%)高,CTA对冠心病患者 冠状动脉病变支数检出率、冠状动脉 狭窄程度检出率明显高于TET、DCG(P <0.05);而TET对冠状动脉病变支数的 检出率、冠状动脉狭窄程度检出率略高 于DCG,但无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论 CTA在冠心病诊断中较TET和DCG有更高灵 敏度、特异度和准确度,且CTA对冠心病 冠状动脉病变支数和冠状动

Objective To investigate the application value of treadmill exercise test (TET), dynamic electrocardiogram (DCG) and coronary CT angiography (CTA) in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods A total of 150 patients with suspected CHD who were admitted to the hospital during the period from May 2017 to May 2018 were enrolled in the study. All patients underwent TET, DCG and CTA. With coronary angiography (CAG) as the golden standard, the diagnostic efficiency of TET, DCG and CTA were compared. Results The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CTA in the diagnosis of CHD (82.11%, 81.82% and 82.00%) were higher than those of TET (72.63%, 72.73% and 72.67%) and DCG (63.16%, 58.18% and 61.33%). The detection rates of the number of coronary artery lesions and the degree of coronary artery stenosis in patients with CHD by CTA were higher than those by TET or DCG significantly (P<0.05). The detection rates of the number of coronary artery lesions and the degree of coronary artery stenosis by TET were slightly higher than those by DCG (P>0.05). Conclusion The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CTA are higher than those of TET and DCG in the diagnosis of CHD. The detection rates of the number of coronary artery lesions and the degree of coronary artery stenosis in CHD by CTA are significantly higher than those by TET or DCG.

【关键词】冠心病;运动平板试验; 动态心电图;CTA

【中图分类号】R54;R44

【文献标识码】A

【DOI】 10.3969/j.issn.1672- 5131.2019.04.020

前言

冠心病为临床心脑血管常见疾病,其发生率和病死率较高,一直 以来冠状动脉造影(CAG)是冠心病诊断的“金标准”,但CAG检查不仅 费用高且属于有创操作,患者检查依从性较低,在冠心病诊断中的 应用并未得到广泛推广[1];现阶段运动平板实验(TET)及动态心电图 (DCG)因具有无创、安全性和重复性高、价廉等明显优势[2],而冠状动 脉CT血管成像(CTA)具有显像清晰、无创等优点,已然成为诊断冠心 病的常见方法[3]。其中TET主要是通过运动增加患者心脏负荷继而观察 心电图变化以诊断冠心病,DCG检查原理是长时间实时观测心电图变 化[4],CTA主要是利用多排螺旋CT对冠状动脉进行扫描从而明确冠状 动脉病变的情况[5],但三者在冠心病诊断中都存在一定假阳性、假阴 性,为进一步明确TET、DCG、CTA在冠心病诊断中的应用价值,笔者展 开临床对照性研究,现将结果报告如下。