目的 分析16例儿童原发型塑型 性支气管炎(PB)的实验室指标及CT影像 学特征。方法 回顾性分析2014年3月至 2016年2月我院收治16例PB患儿的临床资 料，观察患儿临床表现、实验室指标变 化、CT影像学特征。结果 16例PB患儿 中，血常规指标异常者3例，肝功能指标 异常者6例，心功能指标异常者5例，肾 功能指标异常者5例。16例患儿胸部CT表 现均出现肺部感染征象，双肺实变3例 (18.75%)，单肺实变10例(62.5)，其中 右侧7例(43.75%），左侧3例(18.75%)， 肺不张3例(18.75%)，合并胸腔积液5例 (31.25%)，出现支气管粘液嵌塞征有6例 (37.5%)，累及胸膜病变2例(12.5%)。结 论 胸部CT检查辅助实验室指标检测可以 清晰表现儿童原发型塑型性支气管炎特 征，若患儿胸部影像学特征不明显时， 辅以无异物吸入史，应当尽早行支气管 镜检查进行确诊并指导治疗。

Objective To analyze the laboratory indexes and CT imaging features of 16 children with primary plastic bronchitis (PB). Methods The clinical data of 16 cases of PB children admitted to our hospital during March 2014 to February 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical manifestations, laboratory indexes and CT imaging features of all children were observed. Results There were 3 cases with abnormal blood routine indexes, 6 cases with abnormal liver function indexes, 5 cases with abnormal cardiac function indexes and 5 cases with abnormal renal function indexes in the 16 children with PB. Chest CT of 16 children showed signs of pulmonary infection, double lung consolidation in 3 cases (18.75%), single lung consolidation in 10 cases (62.5), including 7 cases on the right side (43.75%) and 3 cases on the left side (18.75%), pulmonary atelectasis in 3 cases (18.75%), pleural effusion in 5 cases (31.25%), bronchial mucus impaction syndrome in 6 cases (37.5%) and pleural lesions in 2 cases (12.5%). Conclusion Chest CT examination assisted laboratory test can clearly show the features of children with primary PB. If the imaging features are not obvious, bronchoscopy should be performed as early as possible for diagnosis and treatment.