目的 比较分析儿童支原体肺炎 (MP)与链球菌肺炎(SP)的CT表现差异。 方法 回顾性分析医院2014年1月-2016年 12月经血清学、血培养证实的70例单纯 MP(单纯MP组)、50例MP合并SP(MP+SP组) 患儿的CT影像学资料。结果 两组病变 部位比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)； 支气管壁增厚、网状影、磨玻璃影、支 气管血管束增厚、肺内扇形薄片影发生 率方面，单纯MP组均显著高于MP+SP组； 单纯MP组胸腔积液发生率11.43%显著低 于MP+SP组的40.00%(P＜0.05)；单纯MP 组胸腔积液厚度、淋巴结横径均显著小 于MP+SP组(P＜0.05)。结论 单纯MP以CT 肺间质改变为主，MP+SP以肺内实变影为 主，胸腔积液发生率显著大，淋巴结肿大 更明显。

Objective To comparatively analyze CT findings of children with Mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) and children with Streptococcus pneumonia (SP). Methods CT imaging data of 70 children with simple MP (simple MP group) and 50 children with MP and SP (MP+SP group) which were confirmed by menstrual serology and blood cultures in the hospital from January 2014 to December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in diseased region (P>0.05). The incidence rates of bronchial wall thickening, reticular formation, ground glass shadow, bronchial vascular bundle thickening and fan-shaped segments of lungs were significantly higher in the simple MP group than in the MP+SP group. The incidence of pleural effusion in the simple MP group was significantly lower than that in the MP+SP group (11.43% vs. 40.00%) (P<0.05). The thickness of pleural effusion and transverse diameter of lymph node in the simple MP group were significantly smaller than those in the MP+SP group (P<0.05). Conclusion CT pulmonary interstitial change is the main finding of simple MP while intrapulmonary solid change is the main finding of MP+SP. The incidence of pleural effusion is significantly higher and lymphadenectasis is more obvious in children with MP+SP.